Posted on September 30th 2010
Authors: Berry C, Salim A, Alban R, Mirocha J, Margulies DR, Ley EJ
Animal studies routinely demonstrate an alcohol (ETOH) -mediated increase in survival after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recent clinical studies also suggest ETOH plays a neuroprotective role in moderate to severe TBI. We sought to investigate the relationship between ETOH and outcomes in patients with moderate to severe TBI using a countywide database. The Los Angeles County Trauma System database was queried for all adult (older than 14 years) patients with isolated moderate to severe TBI trauma (head Abbreviated Injury Score [AIS] 3 or greater, all other AIS 3 or less) who had ETOH levels measured on admission between 1998 and 2005. A total of 7304 patients were evaluated with 3219 (44.1%) patients tes...
Posted on September 30th 2010
Authors: Alban RF, Berry C, Ley E, Mirocha J, Margulies DR, Tillou A, Salim A
Increasing evidence indicates insurance status plays a role in the outcome of trauma patients; however its role on outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unclear. A retrospective review was queried within the National Trauma Data Bank. Moderate to severe TBI insured patients were compared with their uninsured counterparts with respect to demographics, Injury Severity Score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors for mortality. Of 52,344 moderate to severe TBI patients, 41,711 (79.7%) were insured. Compared with the uninsured, insured TBI patients were older (46.1 +/- 22.4 vs. 37.3 +/- 16.3 years, P < 0.000...
Posted on September 30th 2010
Authors: Speziale B, Kulbago S, Menter A
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious condition affecting many American veterans who have served in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Using a biopsychosocial perspective, the authors delineate and discuss the challenges of diagnosing and treating this neurological disability among soldiers who have returned to the United States from combat theaters in the Middle East. They explain recent changes including the Veterans Affairs Polytrauma System of Care, as well as social work's role on the interdisciplinary team who promote rehabilitation and community reentry for OEF/OIF veterans with TBI.
PMID: 21104517 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Social Work in Disability and Rehabilitation)
Posted on September 30th 2010
Depression is one of the most commonly encountered problems in clinical practice. It also is a very common condition in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Citalopram is one of the most commonly used antidepressants agents, and as is true for all selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), it exerts its antidepressant effect by blocking the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing extrasynaptic serotonin levels []. (Source: PM and R)
Posted on September 30th 2010
Objective: To test the hypothesis that a structured aerobic exercise regimen would decrease the severity of depressive symptoms in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who reported at least mild depression severity at baseline.Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial.Setting: Community gymnasium.Participants: Subjects with a history of a prior TBI (6 months to 5 years post-injury), recruited from the community. Inclusion criteria included scoring â¥5 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Subjects were excluded if they were non-English speakers, had a medical condition precluding exercise, had suicidal ideation, regularly exercised, or could not use standard aerobic exercise equipment.Intervention: Weekly supervised exercise sessions over a 10-week period consisted of educati...
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