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The effects of protein kinase C activator phorbol dibutyrate on traumatic brain edema and aquaporin-4 expression.

CONCLUSION: This study showed that traumatic brain edema was prevented by intravenous PDBu administration via AQP4 downregulation, supporting the idea emphasizing the importance of AQP4 expression control in TBI. PMID: 21038114 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Turkish Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery : TJTES)

The effects of protein kinase C activator phorbol dibutyrate on traumatic brain edema and aquaporin-4 expression.

CONCLUSION: This study showed that traumatic brain edema was prevented by intravenous PDBu administration via AQP4 downregulation, supporting the idea emphasizing the importance of AQP4 expression control in TBI. PMID: 21038114 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Turkish Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery : TJTES)

Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Cortical and Subcortical Interfacing via Retinal Pathways

Abstract: Most patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have visual and nonvisual retinal signal processing problems with concomitant dysfunctional sensory systems integration. These dysfunctions often include problems of spatial orientation, motor planning, and motor control. They are generally not visible on diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging, or functional magnetic resonance imaging and are not discernible by neuro-ophthalmological, standard optometric, or ophthalmological testing. In contrast, the neuro-optometrist, while examining the TBI patient's conscious cortical processing, puts great emphasis on unconscious ambient processing to assess the patient's ability to tolerate and adapt to environmental changes beneath conscious awareness. This oft...

Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Cortical and Subcortical Interfacing via Retinal Pathways

Abstract: Most patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have visual and nonvisual retinal signal processing problems with concomitant dysfunctional sensory systems integration. These dysfunctions often include problems of spatial orientation, motor planning, and motor control. They are generally not visible on diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging, or functional magnetic resonance imaging and are not discernible by neuro-ophthalmological, standard optometric, or ophthalmological testing. In contrast, the neuro-optometrist, while examining the TBI patient's conscious cortical processing, puts great emphasis on unconscious ambient processing to assess the patient's ability to tolerate and adapt to environmental changes beneath conscious awareness. This oft...

The effect of age on blunt traumatic brain-injured patients.

Authors: Bhullar IS, Roberts EE, Brown L, Lipei H An increasing number of super geriatric (age older than 80 years) patients are being hospitalized with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although geriatric (age older than 65 years) patients have been reported to have a worse functional outcome compared with younger patients who present with the same or less severe degree of TBI; the mortality for the super geriatric (age older than 80 years) remains to be determined. Knowledge of their hospital mortality may help improve clinical decision-making protocols and resource use. A retrospective chart review of patients who sustained TBI after blunt trauma was performed over a 3-year period (June 2005 to June 2008) at a Level II trauma center. Mortality was calculated for various age groupings an...
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